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Key Regional Treaties / Protocols |
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Signatories/Contracting Parties/ Countries in Africa |
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Bilateral Agreements |
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Treaty between the Federal Republic of Nigeria and the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe on the Joint Development of Petroleum and other Resources, in respect of Areas of the Exclusive Economic Zone of the Two States |
This Agreement provides for the joint development by Nigeria and Sao Tome and Principe of petroleum resources in the joint development zone established by this Agreement. |
Nigeria and Sao Tome & Principe |
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Bilateral Agreement between the Republic of Portugal and the the Republic of Mali on cooperation in the field of agriculture and fisheries |
A Bilateral Agreement between the Republic of Portugal and the the Republic of Mali on cooperation in the field of agriculture and fisheries signed for the improvement of relevant areas. This Agreement is composed of 8 articles. The two Parts will exchange scientific visits and experts in agricultural counselling and in plant production (art. 1). The two Parts will exchange visits and experts in fisheries research and experiences, mari culture, training and qualification (art. 2). |
Mali, Portugal |
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Treaty between the Government of the French Republic and the Government of the Republic of Seychelles concerning the Delimitation of the Maritime Boundary of the Exclusive Economic Zone and the Continental Shelf of France and Seychelles (2001) |
The delimitation line between the EEZ and the Continental shelf of the French Republic and Seychelles in the area of the Île du Lys and the Îsle de la Grande Glorieuse (France) and Assumption Island and Astove Island (Seychelles) will be based on equidistance. |
Seychelles, France |
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Agreement between Libyan and Tunisia to implement the judgment of the International Court of Justice in the Tunisia/Libya Continental Shelf Case |
Outlines the continental shelf delimitation line between the two Countries |
Libya, Tunisia |
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Agreement between the European Economic Community and the Government of Mauritius on fishing in Mauritian waters - Protocol No. 1 on the fishing opportunities accorded by Mauritius and the financial contribution accorded by the Community - Protocol No. 2 on experimental fishing for crustaceans |
This Agreement establishes the principles and rules governing the fishing activities of Community vessels in the waters over which Mauritius has sovereignty or jurisdiction in respect of fisheries, in accordance with the provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. Mauritius shall permit fishing by Community vessels in its waters in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. |
Mauritius, EU |
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Multilateral Agreements |
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Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds |
Developed under the framework of the Convention on Migratory Species (CMS) and administered by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), AEWA brings together countries and the wider international conservation community in an effort to establish coordinated conservation and management of migratory waterbirds throughout their entire migratory range. |
54 African States |
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Bamako Convention (1998) |
The purpose of the Convention is to prohibit the import of all hazardous and radioactive wastes into the African continent for any reason; minimize and control transboundary movements of hazardous wastes within the African continent; prohibit all ocean and inland water dumping or incineration of hazardous wastes; |
Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Côte d'Ivoire, Ethiopia, Gambia, Libya, Mali, Mozambique, Mauritius, Niger, Senegal, Togo and Tunisia. |
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Basel Convention |
It is an international treaty that was designed to reduce the movements of hazardous waste between nations, and specifically to prevent transfer of hazardous waste from developed to less developed countries (LDCs). |
42 African States |
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Convention on Biological Diversity |
represents a dramatic step forward in the conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of its components, and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the use of genetic resources. |
All African countries that are members to UN have ratified the convention |
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Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) |
aims to ensure that international trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival. CITES works by subjecting international trade in specimens of selected species to certain controls. |
49 signatories in Africa |
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Convention on Migratory Species (1979) |
As an environmental treaty under the aegis of the United Nations Environment Programme, CMS provides a global platform for the conservation and sustainable use of migratory animals and their habitats. |
47 parties in Africa |
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Paris Climate Agreement |
The Paris Agreement builds upon the Convention and – for the first time – brings all nations into a common cause to undertake ambitious efforts to combat climate change and adapt to its effects, with enhanced support to assist developing countries to do so. |
47 parties in Africa |
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Ramsar Convention |
The Convention on Wetlands of International Importance, called the Ramsar Convention, is an intergovernmental treaty that provides the framework for national action and international cooperation for the conservation and wise use of wetlands and their resources. |
47 parties in Africa |
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United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change |
The Convention on Climate Change sets an overall framework for intergovernmental efforts to tackle the challenge posed by climate change. It recognizes that the climate system is a shared resource whose stability can be affected by industrial and other emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. |
50 Parties in Africa |
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Agenda 21 Rio Convention |
political foundation and programs to facilitate the transition toward sustainable development |
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Convention on fisheries cooperation among African States bordering the Atlantic Ocean (1991) |
Objectives: To enable Parties to promote co-operation in the area of fisheries management and development in the Region. |
Angola, Cape Verde, Benin, Camerron, Congo, DR Congo, Cote d Voire, Equitorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Ghana, Mauritania, Morocco, Sao Tomo & Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo |
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Lusaka Agreement |
Co-operative Enforcement Operations Directed at Illegal Trade in Wild Fauna and Flora |
The Republic of Congo (Brazzaville), Kenya, Liberia, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and the Kingdom of Lesotho, South Africa, Ethiopia and the Kingdom of Swaziland |
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Convention on the Conservation and Management of Fishery Resources in the South East Atlantic Ocean (SEAFO) |
To ensure the long term conservation and sustainable use of the fishery resources in the South East Atlantic Ocean. |
Angloa, EU, USA, Iceland, Japan, Korea, Namibia, Norway, South Africa, UK |
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Agreement for the Establishment of the African Risk Capacity (ARC) Agency (2012) ( |
The ARC Agency is hereby established as a Specialized Agency of the AU to help Member States of the African Union to improve their capacities to better plan, prepare and respond to Extreme Weather Events and Natural Disasters. |
AU Countries |
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Kyoto Protocol |
The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement linked to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The major feature of the Kyoto Protocol is that it sets binding targets for 37 industrialized countries and the European community for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions . |
39 parties in Africa |
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Nagoya Protocol |
The issue of liability and redress for damage resulting from the transboundary movements of LMOs was one of the themes on the agenda during the negotiation of the Biosafety Protocol. |
44 Parties in Africa |
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The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity is an international agreement which aims to ensure the safe handling, transport and use of living modified organisms (LMOs) resulting from modern biotechnology that may have adverse effects on biological diversity, taking also into account risks to human health. |
37 Parties in Africa |
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Barcelon Convention Dumping Protocol |
The Protocol for the Prevention of Pollution of the Mediterranean Sea by Dumping from Ships and Aircraft (the Dumping Protocol) was adopted on 16 February 1976 by the Conference of Plenipotentiaries of the Coastal States of the Mediterranean Region for the Protection of the Mediterranean Sea, held in Barcelona. |
Albania, Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, the European Union (“EU”), Egypt, France, Greece, Israel, Italy, Lebanon, Libya, Malta, Monaco, Montenegro, Morocco, Slovenia, Spain, Syria, Tunisia, and Turkey. |
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Protocol concerning Co-operation in combating Pollution in cases of Emergency |
Objective To protect the marine environment, the coastal zones and the related internal waters falling within the jurisdiction of the States of the West and Central African region against pollution in cases of emergency. |
Cameroon, Congo, Libya, Cote di Voire, Gambia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia,Maurotania, Nigeria, Senegal, Sirra Leone, Togo, South Africa |
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Agenda 2063 |
The agreement has two major goals focusing on marine and ocean themes. They include: |
AU member Countries |
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2050 AIM Stratergy |
The goals of the strategy are to establish : |
AU member Countries |
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Convention on subregional cooperation in the exercise of the right of maritime pursuit (1993) |
Among other issues, it lays modalities for strengthening corperation among structures responsible for fisheries surveillence |
Cape Verde, Gambia, Guinea, Gunea-Bissau, Mauritania, Senegal |
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Amendment of the Convention of 29 March 1985 on the creation of the Fisheries Sub-Regional Commission |
Articles: 1, 5, 6, 7, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 21 and 25 of the Convention of 29 March 1985 concerning the creation of the Fisheries Sub-Regional Commission are amended. It specifies competencies, duties and immunities of the aforementioned Fisheries Administration. |
Atlantic Ocean Islands, Africa, Sahel, North Atlantic, Western Africa |
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Lusaka Agreement |
Co-operative Enforcement Operations Directed at Illegal Trade in Wild Fauna and Flora |
The Republic of Congo (Brazzaville), Kenya, Liberia, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and the Kingdom of Lesotho, South Africa, Ethiopia and the Kingdom of Swaziland |
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Convention on the Conservation and Management of Fishery Resources in the South East Atlantic Ocean (SEAFO) |
To ensure the long term conservation and sustainable use of the fishery resources in the South East Atlantic Ocean. |
Angloa, EU, USA, Iceland, Japan, Korea, Namibia, Norway, South Africa, UK |
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